INTRODUCTION
A self-driven car (autonomous or driverless car) is a vehicle that uses a combination of sensors, cameras, radar and artificial intelligence to travel to different destinations without a human operating it. To be fully autonomous, it must be able to navigate without human help, over roads that have not been adapted for its use. Companies such as BMW, Audi, Google, Tesla, Ford, Volvo and Volkswagen are working on it.
As you can see above, these are the levels a car has to complete to be fully autonomous:
- An advanced driver assistance helps the human.
- The ADS can control, steering, breaking and accelerating. The human needs to perform other tasks and be attentive.
- ADS can perform all driving tasks. In some circumstances the human must be ready with the wheel to get rid of these kinds of circumstances.
- ADS can perform all driving tasks and monitor the road in some circumstances. The human doesn’t have to pay attention in those.
- An ADS on the vehicle does all the driving in all circumstances. The humans just have to relax and enjoy. The do not take part in any of the driving.
In 2019, i.e. now, car makers have reached level 3!
WORKING OF A SELF-DRIVEN CAR
The working of the car is described in the image above. A brief:
- IoT sensors – There are millions of sensors available today and these sensors make autonomous cars a reality. Sensors such as radar, camera, forward collision warning, LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), blind-spot monitoring and ultrasonic all work together to navigate a self-driving car.
- IoT connectivity – These cars use cloud computing to act upon the traffic data, the cars adjacent and the weather maps. They also monitor the surroundings which help in taking informed decisions.
- Software Algorithms – All the data the car collects is of no use if the car is unable to take proper actions. This is what algorithms and software do. They help the car make decisions “flawlessly”. Any flaw made could be fatal.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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PLANET OF CARS 